
{"id":2582,"date":"2020-08-02T13:01:39","date_gmt":"2020-08-02T13:01:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats\/"},"modified":"2020-10-16T12:33:50","modified_gmt":"2020-10-16T12:33:50","slug":"prevention-control-of-oea-what-must-we-do-and-not-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/es\/prevention-control-of-oea-what-must-we-do-and-not-do\/","title":{"rendered":"PREVENCI\u00d3N Y CONTROL DEL ABORTO ENZO\u00d3TICO OVINO: \u00bfQu\u00e9 debemos y qu\u00e9 no debemos hacer?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"intro-text\">\n<p><strong>Abortos causados por Chlamydia abortus fueron reportados por primera vez en Escocia en 1936. Desde entonces, multitud de cient\u00edficos han estudiado el comportamiento de este pat\u00f3geno. El objetivo: establecer una estrategia de control y prevenci\u00f3n y reducir as\u00ed, su impacto econ\u00f3mico. Aqu\u00ed encontrar\u00e1s, lo que debes y no debes hacer para controlar el problema.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>En el control y prevenci\u00f3n del AEO, se establecen tres tipos de medidas:<\/p>\n<h2>MEDIDAS DE MANEJO<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estas medidas consisten en <\/span><b>evitar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> el traslado de <\/span><b>animales sin control serol\u00f3gico<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, evitar el contacto de hembras <\/span><b>pre\u00f1adas con placentas<\/b> o <b>fetos infectados<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> y mantener alejados los reba\u00f1os sanos de los infectados.<\/span> o fetos infectados y mantener alejados los reba\u00f1os sanos de los infectados.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1031\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1031\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2583 size-jnews-750x375\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention-750x375.jpg\" alt=\"Pregnant ewes: Management measures are crucial to control enzootic abortion\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention-750x375.jpg 750w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention-360x180.jpg 360w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oea-control-prevention.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1031\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IMAGEN 1: Medidas de manejo son fundamentales para el control y prevenci\u00f3n de AEO: evitar contacto de hembras pre\u00f1adas con placentas y fetos de hembras abortadas, limpieza y desinfecci\u00f3n de zonas de parto.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Estas medidas resultan <strong>insuficientes<\/strong>, dada la dificultad de aislamiento de los animales infectados.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\"><p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20pt;\">\u201cMedidas de manejo son dif\u00edciles de aplicar en la pr\u00e1ctica y deben ser complementadas con profilaxis vacunal\u201c<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>USO DE ANTIBI\u00d3TICOS<\/h2>\n<p>Este tipo de medida, en el control de una infecci\u00f3n por <em>C. abortus<\/em>, se encuentra fuertemente influenciada por la condici\u00f3n intr\u00ednseca de las clamidias como bacterias intracelulares obligadas.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1034\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1034\" style=\"width: 374px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3066 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health.png\" alt=\"antibiotics\" width=\"374\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health.png 374w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/one-health-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1034\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IMAGEN 2: Fuente: http:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/home campaign \u201cAntibiotics: handle with care\u201d.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Se <strong>necesitan altas concentraciones<\/strong> de los mismos <strong>en sangre<\/strong>, y durante un amplio periodo de tiempo, para obtener fines terap\u00e9uticos fruct\u00edferos.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\"><p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20pt;\">\u201cEl uso de antibi\u00f3ticos para el control de AEO no es sostenible econ\u00f3micamente\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Este hecho, unido a la dificultad para predecir el momento de la infecci\u00f3n, hacen que la utilizaci\u00f3n de estas medidas, durante ciertos periodos de la gestaci\u00f3n, resulten econ\u00f3micamente insostenibles, hecho al cual hay que unir el que el uso inadecuado de ciertos antibi\u00f3ticos podr\u00eda ocasionar en el animal la persistencia de manera sub-cl\u00ednica de la infecci\u00f3n o el posible riesgo de desarrollar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/es\/news-room\/detail\/07-11-2017-stop-using-antibiotics-in-healthy-animals-to-prevent-the-spread-of-antibiotic-resistance\">antibioresistencias<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3061\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3061\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3061\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus.jpg\" alt=\"Chlamydia abortus \" width=\"750\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus-1024x597.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus-768x448.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus-750x438.jpg 750w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/antibioticos-chlamydia-abortus-1140x665.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IMAGEN 3: Ciclo de Chlamydia abortus (bif\u00e1sico): forma resistente e infecciosa (Cuerpo Elemental (EB)); forma no infecciosa (Cuerpo Reticular (RB)). La dosis recomendada de ciertos antibi\u00f3ticos (como tetraciclinas), es muy inferior a la dosis efectiva contra Chlamydia, pudiendo originar as\u00ed resistencias y la persistencia de la infecci\u00f3n en el reba\u00f1o.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\"><p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20pt;\">\u201cEl uso de antibi\u00f3ticos no ayuda al control de AEO en la granja: animales infectados contin\u00faan excretando la bacteria, propagando as\u00ed la infecci\u00f3n en el reba\u00f1o\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>VACUNACI\u00d3N<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Inmunizaci\u00f3n activa<\/strong>: una vacunaci\u00f3n adecuada de los animales podr\u00eda <strong>controlar el aborto clamidial<\/strong> en oveja, dado que la primera exposici\u00f3n de los peque\u00f1os rumiantes a C. <em>abortus<\/em> induce una inmunidad protectora evitando problemas reproductivos en posteriores contactos con este agente infeccioso.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\"><p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20pt;\">\u201cVacunaci\u00f3n es la mejor herramienta para el control y la prevenci\u00f3n del Aborto Enzo\u00f3tico Ovino\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Por este motivo, la vacunaci\u00f3n es la medida m\u00e1s eficaz e importante en el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hipra.com\/portal\/es\/hipra\/knowledge\/bgdetail\/infectious-abortions-sheep\/chlamydia-geographical-distribution\/!ut\/p\/z1\/tZLNcoIwFIWfpQuWmVwIIF1i62BpqU4tCmycABGiEBDQ1rdvcNc6_nQ6zSqZOcl3z8nBEQ5wJOieZ7TjlaCFPIeRuXTt8chxLO0FzMEQ7PfxfGQ9O5o-NPHiksDRVBzdch_OLBuu3Z_jCEd1wlMcxoMVARNSxAwgSE_kLiZshXQGBO5VMAyd9OpEdHWX45AJBTai-ihYmjEFYppssqbaiVQBLlYskRHsWkTjqunDaFGbM1YrkOQFLQ8ppyhjVdbQOucJLVDK267h8a7XYvfa2DJXrfEevEwOT7scSWCFg_NYHNyCla_y9XYb2dJkJTr22eHgH10u-jS_-TSeDOlzNNGtqUYmGjkRnNbjKLjw_zMmcChLMjgb55uKF3vOPrAvqqaUpZ39shNj-ElwRr4qCe7Ec2evcOzpnwh16fulRYxifSDAp3lWLh-Hnn33BUzinWU!\/dz\/d5\/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh\/\">control y prevenci\u00f3n del AEO<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1040\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1040\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3069 size-jnews-750x375\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants-750x375.jpg\" alt=\"vaccine against OEA: control enzootic abortions\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants-750x375.jpg 750w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants-360x180.jpg 360w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vaccines-ruminants.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1040\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">IMAGEN 4: Existen diferentes tipos de vacunas desarrolladas contra el AEO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Los principales tipos de vacunas que se han desarrollado, de forma comercial o experimental, en la actualidad frente a esta enfermedad son los siguientes:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3169\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es.png 1064w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es-300x142.png 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es-1024x484.png 1024w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es-768x363.png 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/prevention-control-enzootic-abortion-sheep-goats-vacunas-es-750x355.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Art\u00edculo escrito por:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mar\u00eda Rosa Caro, Jes\u00fas Salinas y Nieves Ortega, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia. 30100 Murcia, Spain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abortos causados por Chlamydia abortus fueron reportados por primera vez en Escocia en 1936. Desde entonces, multitud de cient\u00edficos han estudiado el comportamiento de este pat\u00f3geno. El objetivo: establecer una estrategia de control y prevenci\u00f3n y reducir as\u00ed, su impacto econ\u00f3mico. Aqu\u00ed encontrar\u00e1s, lo que debes y no debes hacer para controlar el problema. &nbsp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abortos-enfermedades-reproductivas-ovejas-cabras"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Prevenci\u00f3n y Control de Aborto Enzo\u00f3tico Ovino<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Medidas de manejo, antibi\u00f3ticos y vacunaci\u00f3n. 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