{"id":27416,"date":"2025-09-12T11:58:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T11:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/?p=27416"},"modified":"2025-09-14T16:50:28","modified_gmt":"2025-09-14T16:50:28","slug":"au-dela-de-la-sante-limpact-economique-des-resistances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/au-dela-de-la-sante-limpact-economique-des-resistances\/","title":{"rendered":"Au-del\u00e0 de la sant\u00e9 : l&rsquo;impact \u00e9conomique des r\u00e9sistances"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"intro-text\">\n<p>La r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques est un probl\u00e8me mondial, avec de graves implications pour la sant\u00e9 animale et humaine. Cependant, ses effets vont au-del\u00e0 du secteur de la sant\u00e9. Les bact\u00e9ries r\u00e9sistantes entra\u00eenent des pertes \u00e9conomiques importantes, principalement en raison de l\u2019augmentation de l\u2019incidence des maladies et de la diminution de la productivit\u00e9. Comment ce probl\u00e8me affecte-t-il sp\u00e9cifiquement le secteur ovin et caprin ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Le probl\u00e8me de la r\u00e9sistance<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/resistances-bacteriennes-antibiotiques\/\"><strong>La r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques<\/strong><\/a> est un probl\u00e8me actuel et un d\u00e9fi futur pour les \u00e9levages de moutons et de ch\u00e8vres. Elle complique le <a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/antibiotiques-petits-ruminants\/\"><strong>traitement<\/strong><\/a> de maladies courantes telles que les <strong>infections respiratoires<\/strong>, les <strong>mammites et les boiteries<\/strong>. Au-del\u00e0 de ses implications pour la sant\u00e9 et le bien-\u00eatre des animaux, ce probl\u00e8me a \u00e9galement des <strong>cons\u00e9quences \u00e9conomiques<\/strong> importantes pour les \u00e9leveurs.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\" style=\"font-size: 20pt;\"><p>On estime que la r\u00e9sistance peut entra\u00eener des pertes de productivit\u00e9 de plus de 15 % (Herawati, O., 2023)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>L&rsquo;origine de ces pertes est l&rsquo;augmentation des taux de <strong>morbidit\u00e9 et de mortalit\u00e9<\/strong> dus aux maladies infectieuses.<\/p>\n<p>Les infections persistantes r\u00e9duisent la <strong>productivit\u00e9<\/strong> des animaux, causant des probl\u00e8mes tels que le retard de croissance, la baisse de fertilit\u00e9 et une production r\u00e9duite de lait ou de viande.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27387\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27387\" style=\"width: 974px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27386 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"974\" height=\"623\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance-.jpg 974w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance--300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance--768x491.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance--750x480.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 974px) 100vw, 974px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27387\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1. La r\u00e9sistance affecte directement la rentabilit\u00e9 des \u00e9levages ovins et caprins.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Exemples de certaines maladies<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mammite<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Certaines \u00e9tudes ont montr\u00e9 que les bact\u00e9ries du genre <a href=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/staphylocoques-vaccination-mammite-ovine-caprine\/\"><em><strong>Staphylococcus spp<\/strong><\/em><\/a> ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une r\u00e9sistance aux <strong>antibiotiques<\/strong> couramment utilis\u00e9s dans l\u2019\u00e9levage.<br \/>\nCela repr\u00e9sente un risque important, car ces bact\u00e9ries sont les principaux agents pathog\u00e8nes responsables des <strong>mammites<\/strong> chez les moutons et les ch\u00e8vres. Les animaux atteints d\u2019infections r\u00e9sistantes auront une <strong>production et une qualit\u00e9 de lait<\/strong> inf\u00e9rieures.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\" style=\"font-size: 20pt;\"><p>Dans une \u00e9tude, S. aureus s\u2019est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 r\u00e9sistant \u00e0 tous les antibiotiques test\u00e9s<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27471\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27471\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27471 size-jnews-featured-750\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-750x535.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-750x535.png 750w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-1024x730.png 1024w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-768x548.png 768w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-1536x1095.png 1536w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-2048x1460.png 2048w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-120x86.png 120w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-350x250.png 350w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/img-smallruminants-ImpactoeconomicoATB-FR-1140x813.png 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27471\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 2. Pr\u00e9valence de la r\u00e9sistance antimicrobienne chez les agents pathog\u00e8nes de la mammite \u00e0 divers antibiotiques : p\u00e9nicilline (P), ampicilline (AMP), amoxicilline (AML), chloramph\u00e9nicol (C), streptomycine (S), t\u00e9tracycline (TE), c\u00e9phalotine (KF), gentamicine (CN), ciprofloxacine (CIP) et sulfam\u00e9thoxazole (STX). Source : (Herawati, O., 2023)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lymphad\u00e9nite cas\u00e9euse et abc\u00e8s :<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La formation d\u2019<strong>abc\u00e8s<\/strong>, principalement dans les ganglions lymphatiques, la peau et les visc\u00e8res, est courante chez les petits ruminants. Les bact\u00e9ries g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement impliqu\u00e9es comprennent <em>Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium<\/em> et <em>Pseudomonas<\/em>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\" style=\"font-size: 20pt;\"><p>Les pertes annuelles dues aux abc\u00e8s chez les petits ruminants sont estim\u00e9es \u00e0 17 millions de dollars (Herawati, O., 2023)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Des souches r\u00e9sistantes peuvent aggraver la maladie et avoir des cons\u00e9quences \u00e9conomiques importantes. Les abc\u00e8s r\u00e9duisent la <strong>qualit\u00e9 de la viande<\/strong> et peuvent entra\u00eener la <strong>saisie de la carcasse<\/strong> \u00e0 l\u2019abattoir. En outre, la maladie peut provoquer une \u00e9maciation, l\u2019infertilit\u00e9 et m\u00eame la <strong>mort<\/strong>. Dans certains cas, des abc\u00e8s peuvent se former dans la <strong>mamelle<\/strong>, r\u00e9duisant ainsi la <strong>production de lait<\/strong> (Hatem, M.E., 2013).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27397\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27397\" style=\"width: 727px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27396 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance_3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"727\" height=\"656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance_3.jpg 727w, https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/antimicrobial-resistance_3-300x271.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27397\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 3. Les abc\u00e8s de la mamelle affectent la production de lait<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>E. coli :<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Un rapport de l\u2019Autorit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des aliments (EFSA) a conclu que <em>E. coli<\/em> est la bact\u00e9rie la plus significativement <strong>r\u00e9sistante aux antibiotiques<\/strong> chez les moutons et les ch\u00e8vres en Europe.<br \/>\nCette bact\u00e9rie provoque des <strong>diarrh\u00e9es et des septic\u00e9mies<\/strong> chez les agneaux. Des traitements inefficaces entra\u00eeneront donc des pertes importantes en augmentant les taux de mortalit\u00e9 chez les jeunes animaux.<\/p>\n<p>Lien vers le rapport : <a>https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-10\/9977.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Conclusions<\/h2>\n<p><strong>R\u00e9duire et pr\u00e9venir<\/strong> la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens chez les petits ruminants doit \u00eatre une <strong>priorit\u00e9<\/strong>, car les cons\u00e9quences sanitaires et \u00e9conomiques sont importantes et constituent une menace pour le secteur.<\/p>\n<p>Les bonnes <strong>pratiques de gestion, la bios\u00e9curit\u00e9, le diagnostic et la prophylaxie<\/strong> sont des actions cl\u00e9s \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Article r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par :<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Tania Per\u00e1lvarez Puerta. Responsable Produit Global, Franchise Petits Ruminants \u2013 HIPRA<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Herawati, O., et al (2023) The global profile of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from goats and sheep: A systematic review. Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916<br \/>\nHatem, M.E., et al. (2013) Bacterial abscessation in sheep and goat in Giza governorate with full antibiogram screening. Glob. Vet., 10(4): 372\u2013381.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques est un probl\u00e8me mondial, avec de graves cons\u00e9quences pour la sant\u00e9 animale et humaine. Cependant, ses effets vont au-del\u00e0 du secteur de la sant\u00e9. Les bact\u00e9ries r\u00e9sistantes entra\u00eenent des pertes \u00e9conomiques importantes, principalement en raison de l\u2019augmentation de l\u2019incidence des maladies et de la r\u00e9duction de la productivit\u00e9. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":9175,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reduction-antibiotiques"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Impact \u00e9conomique de la r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens dans les \u00e9levages ovins et caprins<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La r\u00e9sistance aux antimicrobiens entra\u00eene des pertes \u00e9conomiques en r\u00e9duisant la productivit\u00e9 et en augmentant 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Prevalenza della resistenza antimicrobica nei patogeni che causano la mastite contro vari antibiotici: penicillina (P), ampicillina (AMP), amoxicillina (AML), cloramfenicolo (CN), streptomicina (S), tetraciclina (TE), cefalotina (KF), gentamicina (CN), ciprofloxacina (CIP) e sulfametossazolo (STX). 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mortalit\u00e9.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/au-dela-de-la-sante-limpact-economique-des-resistances\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/au-dela-de-la-sante-limpact-economique-des-resistances\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/fr\/au-dela-de-la-sante-limpact-economique-des-resistances\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/foto-cabritas-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aboutsmallruminants.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/foto-cabritas-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":2209,"caption":"Fig 2. Prevalenza della resistenza antimicrobica nei patogeni che causano la mastite contro vari antibiotici: penicillina (P), ampicillina (AMP), amoxicillina (AML), cloramfenicolo (CN), streptomicina (S), tetraciclina (TE), cefalotina (KF), gentamicina (CN), ciprofloxacina (CIP) e sulfametossazolo (STX). 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